The Britannica (EB) says this of Logic ... the study of propositions and their use in argumentation.
Regarding language, EB says this ..."For the purpose of clarifying logical truth and hence the concept of logic itself, a tool that has turned out to be more important than the idea of logical form is logical semantics, sometimes also known as model theory. By this is meant a study of the relationships of linguistic expressions to those structures in which they may be interpreted and of which they can then convey information. The crucial idea in this theory is that of truth (absolutely or with respect to an interpretation). It was first analyzed in logical semantics around 1930 by the Polish-American logician Alfred Tarski"
In general, regarding all of LOGIC EB says ...
The major task of logic is to establish a systematic way of deducing the logical consequences of a set of sentences. In order to accomplish this, it is necessary first to identify or characterize the logical consequences of a set of sentences. The procedures for deriving conclusions from a set of sentences then need to be examined to verify that all logical consequences, and only those, are deducible from that set. Finally, in recent times, the question has been raised whether all the truths regarding some domain of interest can be contained in a specifiable deductive system.
***
There are numerous aspects to consider. These links provide direct access to the latest thinking.
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of War
From Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
LOGIC ...
Pronunciation:
'lä-jik
Function: noun
Etymology: Middle English logik, from Middle
French logique, from Latin logica, from Greek logikE, from feminine of
logikos of reason, from logos reason -- more at LEGEND
Date: 12th
century
1 a (1) : a science that deals with the principles and criteria
of validity of inference and demonstration : the science of the formal
principles of reasoning (2) : a branch or variety of logic <modal
logic> <Boolean logic> (3) : a branch of semiotic; especially :
SYNTACTICS (4) : the formal principles of a branch of knowledge b (1) : a
particular mode of reasoning viewed as valid or faulty (2) : RELEVANCE,
PROPRIETY c : interrelation or sequence of facts or events when seen as
inevitable or predictable d : the arrangement of circuit elements (as in a
computer) needed for computation; also : the circuits themselves
2 : something that forces a decision apart from or in
opposition to reason <the logic of war>.
Take a look at this (expensive) collectible
Encyclopaedia Britannica, or a Dictionary of Arts
of Language, it is said ... a system of conventional spoken or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, communicate. Language so defined is the peculiar ...
The Dictionary defines Language:
Main Entry:
lan·guage
Pronunciation: 'la[ng]-gwij, -wij
Function:
noun
Etymology: Middle English, from Old French, from langue tongue,
language, from Latin lingua -- more at TONGUE
Date: 14th century
1 a
: the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used
and understood by a community b (1) : audible, articulate, meaningful
sound as produced by the action of the vocal organs (2) : a systematic
means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized
signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings (3) : the
suggestion by objects, actions, or conditions of associated ideas or
feelings <language in their very gesture -- Shakespeare> (4) : the
means by which animals communicate (5) : a formal system of signs and
symbols (as FORTRAN or a calculus in logic) including rules for the
formation and transformation of admissible expressions (6) : MACHINE
LANGUAGE 1
2 a : form or manner of verbal expression; specifically :
STYLE b : the vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or a
department of knowledge c : PROFANITY
3 : the study of language
especially as a school subject
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Language, Proof, and Logic by Jon Barwise
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semantic interpretation and discourse alongside the
foundational material in syntactic processing. ...
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edition offers a uniform framework based on feature-based
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Reasons : An Introduction to Inferentialism by Robert B. Brandom. Robert B. Brandom is one of the most original philosophers
of our day, whose book Making It Explicit covered and extended
a vast range of topics in metaphysics, epistemology, and
philosophy of language--the very core of analytic philosophy.
This new work provides an approachable introduction to the
complex system that Making It Explicit mapped out. A tour of
the earlier book's large ideas and relevant details,
Articulating Reasons offers an easy entry into two of the main
themes of Brandom's work: the idea that the semantic content
of a sentence is determined by the norms governing inferences
to and from it, and the idea that the distinctive function of
logical vocabulary is to let us make our tacit inferential
commitments explicit. Brandom's work, making the move from
representationalism to inferentialism, constitutes a
near-Copernican shift in the philosophy of language--and the
most important single development in the field in recent
decades. Articulating Reasons puts this accomplishment within
reach of nonphilosophers who want to understand the state of
the foundations of semantics. Tractatus
Logico-Philosophicus by
Ludwig Wittgenstein Perhaps the most important work of philosophy written in
the twentieth century, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
first appeared in 1921 and was the only philosophical work
that Ludwig Wittgenstein published during his lifetime.
Written in short, carefully numbered paragraphs of extreme
compression and brilliance, it immediately convinced many of
its readers and captivated the imagination of a generation of
philosophers. Influencing the Logical positivists of the 1920s
and 1930s, the book later went to grip the minds of many other
philosophers, convincing many that propositions were pictures
of reality. In this edition, David Pears and Brian McGuinness have
completely revised their translation based upon Wittgenstein's
own suggestions and comments in his correspondence with C. K.
Ogden, Wittgenstein's first translator. In addition, this
edition contain the introduction by Bertrand Russell which
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Language of First-Order Logic : Including the IBM-Compatible
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Lecture Notes, No 34) by John
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by Jon Barwise Fundamentals
of Computing I : Logic, Problem Solving, Programs, and
Computers (McGraw-Hill Series in Computer Science)
by Allen B. Tucker(Editor Speech
Acts by P.G. Searle, John
R. Searle. Languages
and Machines : An Introduction to the Theory of Computer
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